M1 (Paris Métro) on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
The M1 and MM1 trainsets, and the cars of the same type, constituted the first
The M1 and MM1 trainsets, and the cars of the same type, constituted the first rolling stock
The term rolling stock in the rail transport industry refers to railway vehicles, including both powered and unpowered vehicles: for example, locomotives, freight and passenger cars (or coaches), and non-revenue cars. Passenger vehicles can b ...
on the Paris Métro. They began service in 1900 and were constructed of wood
Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic materiala natural composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin th ...
.
Original Trainsets
The original trains consisted of short cars ( long) with twoaxle
An axle or axletree is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, bearing ...
s equipped with a Thomson or a Westinghouse traction motor
A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric vehicle, electric or hydrogen vehicles, elevators or electric multiple unit.
Traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles (ele ...
that did not permit them to work in multiple units. As a result, a trainset had four cars and each train stopped at only about half of the stations.
Trainsets with two sets of controls
Trainsets
In rail transport, a train (from Old French , from Latin , "to pull, to draw") is a series of connected vehicles that run along a railway track and transport people or freight. Trains are typically pulled or pushed by locomotives (often know ...
with two sets of controls existed on lines 2 and 6, put in service near the end of 1900. Upon arriving at a terminus, the reversible trainsets would change direction as was common among tram
A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport are ...
s of the time.
The Thomson-Double
In 1901 and 1902, the new 100 and 200 series were equipped with the Thomson-Double system which permitted two trainsets to work in multiple units (thus creating eight-car trains). This proved to be inconvenient as the system functioned entirely on high voltage (600 V DC) and the power of the motors were still barely sufficient. In case of a malfunction, the replacement of a damaged train was also problematic. These defects came to light during theParis Métro train fire
The disastrous Paris Métro train fire occurred on the evening of 10 August 1903, on what was then Line 2 Nord of the system and is now Paris Métro Line 2. There were 84 deaths, most at Couronnes station, so it is also known as the Couronnes D ...
on August 10, 1903, which resulted in the death of 84 people who were asphyxiated by smoke. Twelve cars were destroyed. This incident directly led to the withdrawal of M1 and MM1 trains on lines 2, 5 and 6 after 1914, with their eventual retirement on all lines after 1931.
Preserved units
Trailer car B161 and two M1 motor cars (MM1 and A1) are preserved at the Musée des transports urbains.See also
*motorcar
A car or automobile is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of ''cars'' say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people instead of goods.
The year 1886 is regarded as t ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:M1 (Paris Metro)
Paris Métro rolling stock